Showing posts with label prophecy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label prophecy. Show all posts

04 August 2024

A time to mourn: Thoughts on the Three Weeks in Judaism



You may know the rhythm of the Jewish calendar is useful in bringing to memory both what God has done and what he wants from us as his people. For instance, we note Shabbat is a weekly reminder first of Creation and God resting and therefore what does God want from us? That we should rest. OK, that’s fairly straightforward. What about Shabbat being also a reminder of Passover and the deliverance from slavery in Egypt? Again, we learn of God’s capacity to remember us and our gratitude in that he does! We are a delivered, ransomed people for God’s pleasure.

 

I could litanize all the 7 annual mo’edim, but that’s not what I want to highlight this morning. Rather, as you might also know, the 9th day of the month of Av, Tisha B’Av will take place in about 10 days, on the 13th of August. It will have been 3 weeks since the 17th of Tammuz, the day which begins this special countdown. Maybe you are well aware of all this, but if you are not, these three weeks in which we find ourselves just now, are the saddest days in our calendar. And honestly, who wants to dwell on the subject of our sadness? Even so, that’s a key lesson for anyone who wants to succeed in the life God has given us.


Maybe you have been watching the Olympics on NBC or Peacock and are exhausted from cheering Simone who is from here in Houston or the swimmers or soccer players, the never-ending panorama of featured sportspeople, their backstories, and the tiniest of margins that separate gold from bronze or no medals at all. When I think about sadness, it could be pictured in a 25-year-old who has trained for 15 years, day after day after day, even giving up schooling to pursue his one goal in life, then in 30 seconds on a balance beam or with a bow and arrow or collapsing just shy of a medal to see those dreams end in misery. For each of them, this Olympics could herald a period of sadness such as they have never experienced. Both the mental fatigue and lack of future weigh into the sadness for each athlete, even the winners, but especially those who do not win.


I’m reminded of Solomon’s phrase, there is “a time to mourn.”


Five years ago today you read about a local tragedy in Texas. Yes, August 3 in El Paso, at a Walmart, 23 people were killed in a gunman’s attack. This tragedy fueled by racism that — with nearly 50 federal hate crime charges — became one of the country’s largest hate crime cases. And today, five years later, the city of El Paso is unveiling a monument, a memorial, to remind people both what happened and hopefully to prevent such from reoccurring. Another time to mourn.


However, I’m talking about much more than an unrealized athletic dream or a tragic Walmart episode. For the Jewish people, our memories during these three weeks are related to national pains and unrelenting evil over a period of hundreds of years. Sometimes these were perpetrated against us by ruthless overlords and sometimes, dare we say it, caused by our own devices. It is with that consideration that I want to speak to us today. And I’m speaking both to you and to me. Remember, I’m not an outsider any more than Jeremiah the prophet was an outsider when he preached to Judah and Jerusalem in his days around 600 BCE. 


The three weeks began 11 days ago on 17 Tammuz. That’s the day we note, that according to the rabbis, we Jews made and worshipped a Golden Calf. Moses had gone to the mountain nearly 6 weeks previously and the people of Israel considered his not returning as an indicator of his never-going-to-return. After all, in our days, how many search and rescue missions give up on 80-year-olds who have been gone even a couple of weeks? This had gone on for nearly 40 days already, and there was no sign of Moses’ return. 


We read the following in Exodus chapter 32.

“Now when the people saw that Moses delayed to come down from the mountain, the people assembled about Aaron and said to him, “Come, make us a god who will go before us; as for this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.” 2 Aaron said to them, “Tear off the gold rings which are in the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters, and bring them to me.” 3 Then all the people tore off the gold rings which were in their ears and brought them to Aaron. 4 He took this from their hand, and fashioned it with a graving tool and made it into a molten calf; and they said, “This is your god, O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt.” 5 Now when Aaron saw this, he built an altar before it; and Aaron made a proclamation and said, “Tomorrow shall be a feast to the LORD.” 6 So the next day they rose early and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up to play.” (Ex. 32.1-6)


What was for them a feast and a day of eat/drink/and be merry would become for the Jewish people a day of mourning and sadness. This is the 17th of Tammuz. And that day is now etched in our calendar as the beginning of the three weeks of sadness and weeping.  Truly these three weeks are a time to mourn.


As a result, during this season we read the Haftorah from the prophet Jeremiah for three straight weeks. Who is he? He is the son of a priest named Hilkiah, who lived in Anatot just northeast of Jerusalem about 3 miles, in the land of Benjamin. In the OED, the word jeremiad is a noun that means a long, mournful complaint or lamentation. Other synonyms include diatribe, screed, anger, berating, censure, condemnation, denunciation, dispute, fulmination, harangue, invective, lecture, malediction, philippic, ranting, revilement, sermon, tongue-lashing, vituperation.


I must say that none of those is inviting. They all sound like activities of a meanspirited high school vice principal or the noise associated with parental abuse of children. Let me say, therefore, that none of these is fully descriptive of the prophecies of Jeremiah. You might know that in some circles, he is labelled the “Weeping Prophet” and perhaps that more characterises the man whom we read in this season. By the way, his prophecy is the longest in the Bible and has more hope than you might initially observe and certainly than the OED gives in his name’s attribution.

The haftorahs include chapter 1 of Jeremiah and there we hear famous verses of God replying to the young prophet, “Do not say, ‘I am a youth,’ because everywhere I send you, you shall go, and all that I command you, you shall speak. Do not be afraid of them, for I am with you to deliver you.” (1.7-8)


The phrase ‘do not fear’ which God speaks here is one of 365 repeats of that phrase in the Bible. One for each day of your year, I suppose, if that helps you. And each time, please, hear it as it is written, not as a command, “Thou shalt not fear” but rather as a parent inviting her child to cling to her. For “I am with you.” Lean into the loving arms of your Father in heaven. Chill. Relax. Trust me, God is saying. 


Then God speaks and tells Jeremiah that not only is he going to be present during the impending judgment on the Jewish people, but so is his word. Listen to this in chapter 1 verse 12, “for I am watching over my word to perform it.” 


In other words, God and his word are active and alive and God will both speak and accomplish what he promises. So what is to bring us sadness after all? If God is with us, won’t everything be just peachy keen and pleasant and wonderful? Isn’t that what we hear so often from pulpits either across town from here or promises made by preachers of “Things will get better.”? Isn’t next year going to be the best year ever? Isn’t your wallet going to be fatter, your children taller, your life more abundant? Isn’t that what they promise us?


For Jeremiah, that promise was more than 70 years away. By the time Judah was captured and sent to Babylon in 586 BCE, they had already tried to escape judgment by making alliances with Assyria and with Egypt. They had tried to hide or to pretend that judgment was not going to happen to them. Some carried on with the eat/drink/be merry escape plans of our forebears. No, the answer was first to accept the reality; God is going to judge us. 


In Jeremiah chapter two, the prophet uses more imagery than an ambrosia salad to help Israel see her sins and the resultant problems. These 10 images are as follows: an unfaithful wife, broken cisterns, a lost slave, a mule-like stubborn animal, a corrupt vine, a defiled body, an animal in heat, a captured criminal, children who refuse discipline, and an unbroken prisoner of war.


Truth be told, Jewish people… you are in trouble!


THEN, what are God’s answers to those realities? If God is notifying us of impending doom, he must have a plan of escape. Paul the apostle would speak of that to the riotous living Corinthians centuries later. (1 Cor. 10.13)


What is God’s plan of escape? It’s a simple and continuous notification, a video loop from heaven that makes so many cringe. It’s the first, second and third steps of every AA program. We cannot fix ourselves. We have blown it. We have made our lives a mess. If we allow it, God can and will if we let him. We have to bow the knee; we have to admit our inability to self-repair and to cry out in humility to the one, the only One who can repair our mess. But here’s the rub. It’s not only a cry for help. Do you remember Abraham’s grandson Esau who recognized his loss when Jacob his twin brother tricked him of his birthright and blessing? Esau sought to get it back, even with tears. But that’s not what I’m saying here. 


Listen, it’s a nuance of meaning and I don’t want you to miss it. Crying out for help is not saying, “I’m sorry… please give me what I lost.” It’s crying out for mercy, knowing we DO NOT DESERVE anything but judgment. It’s saying, “I cannot; you can; I surrender.” This is a time to mourn.


And go further, biblically, what does God want to hear? I was wrong. I have sinned. I did what you told me not to do. I have not done what you told me to make happen. This judgment is just. Esau would have cried, “That’s not fair!” But God is seeking for the admission of fairness or justice from the judged people of Judah in Jeremiah’s day. Yes, weep. Yes, cry out. But not a cry of “it’s not fair.” Not a cry of “I still deserve.” A cry of “I was wrong. I sinned. We have sinned. God, in your mercy, hear our prayer.” That’s the key to mourning. This is how a time to mourn has its work in you.


Repair the broken cistern. 

Speak up for the widow and orphan.

Take in those without families.

Care for the other.


Back to Jeremiah 2, listen to the 10 images. I like what Peter Craigie says of the first, the unfaithful wife image. 

“love and marriage are more than metaphors in v 2. The essence of the Sinai covenant had been a relationship of love between God and Israel, but that relationship had implications for both religion and politics. With respect to religion, a nation that loved God could not practice love for other gods, for example, the fertility cults whose worship was permeated with sexual activity. And with respect to politics, a nation bound in contract to the Lord could not also join itself by treaty to other nations as its lord and master. The divine memory was of pure love, before the religious and political perversions of love had arisen in later times to spoil the continuing relationship.” Now a quick look at the other nine images.


Image 2: Broken cisterns. The well looks deep. The well is where it belongs, but seriously, it’s broken. Look closely. Little fissures in the well cause lousy containers. You will be diluted. You have been compromised. Repair the breach!


Image 3: The lost slave. You aren’t supposed to be the slaves; you are redeemed. But you are choosing political slavery with foreign rulers. That’s D-U-M dumb. Not the role I have for you and for me. For us.


Image 4: Stubborn animal. It’s because you are settling in the wrong place and refusing to go on. I want you to walk with me, but you are refusing. The flip side of stubbornness is faithfulness, but this is being fixed in doing wrong. That’s not going to help you at all, Israel.


Image 5: Corrupt vine. Empty. Looks good on the outside, but produces nothing! It’s all for show. God help us who demonstrate so much of religion to those near us or who walk by us. Outer religion without the quiet love of God on our insides—what a waste! 


Image 6: A defiled body. The red-light districts in New York or Amsterdam, even here on Bissonnet. Easy to track and find prostitution, a common biblical thread for wrong behaviour. It goes around and it comes around, it will bite you if you engage. It’s not only an act; it’s a joining with the other team which for Judah will eventuate in idolatry.


Image 7: An animal in heat. You are unable to stay away from the affections and lures of the enemy. The idols you worship will fail you, but you are stuck.


Image 8: A captured criminal. This criminal alleges his innocence, insisting on it, even though he’s caught red-handed.


Image 9: The refusal of discipline. Admit it… we are broken. We are needy. We do not deserve God’s forgetfulness. We deserve his judgment. Are you listening?


Image 10: The unbroken prisoner of war. We are on the wrong side of the battle. marching in an attempt to gain international recognition and security, but in the end, we are walking contrary to the plans of God.

Friends at CBM… today… if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts. Admit your errors. Ask God for forgiveness. Admit your sins. Fall on his mercy. You have turned your ears from the cries of the poor. You have practised racism. You have sinned against God in thought, word, and deed, in what you have done, and what you have failed to do. Is that right? Are you listening?


Then keep listening. God is full of compassion and mercy. He wants to welcome you into his arms. He wants to give you life, today, and forever. And how do I know that? 


Because of a book? Yes, but not only the book, but the true hero of the book, the main protagonist himself, God in the living person of his son Yeshua. If anyone lived in an era of self-justifying, self-commending, self-centeredness, it was Yeshua. Under Roman occupation, Jewish people looked for help, from religion, or foreign treaties, or hiding away from it, but all the while, what is God saying through all this? There are 10 images today that are listed. That list is not exhaustive. So live in truth. Live in harmony with the Almighty. Live righteous lives. When you are wrong, quickly admit wrong. When God brings things to the light in your life which are out-of-bounds, agree with God. Don’t turn your face from or your back towards him. Agree with the Almighty. One, that’s smart. Two, that’s his advice. Three--- it works!


What will you do with this information today?


The message for ancient pre-exilic Judah is the same as it is for us in 21st century Houston. Politicians won’t save us. Our 401-K won’t sustain us. Your Texans football team may do well in 2024, but that won’t be eternal. Where is your real sustaining, long-lasting, ongoing hope?


God is calling each of us to know him and to walk with him, today and throughout our days. Have you received Yeshua as your messiah and Lord? Have you renounced your sin, your idolatry, your forsaking God and given him First Place in your life? If not, please, do so now, just now, as we pray together. Use your own words, if you want, but yield, surrender, to the Lord of life. 


If you get this time to mourn right, you will experience eternal life in a deep and real way. Repent and find God’s mercy. We are our own worst enemy, but God in his mercy wants to make us his, and members together of his eternal congregation. 


 I’m eternally grateful for all his benefits towards me and my family. Let’s live in gratitude this Shabbat, through the 3 weeks, and until Yeshua returns to make all things right in his kingdom. Amen?

-----------------------------

A couple of quotes from the commentary by Peter Craigie and Page Kelley, Word Biblical Commentary. Book of Jeremiah.  1991. 

To see and hear a lesson I gave two years ago on Jeremiah chapter 2, https://youtu.be/I3AGsCBn83A 

13 November 2021

Me? A Prophet? You can't be serious!: Lesson One of 52. Truth and Consequences

To watch this on video: https://youtu.be/niJMyB5R784  


  INTRODUCTION

Some will say, “A study of an Older Testament prophet needs to be spicy and exciting.” It’s dusty after all and was written several hundreds of years before Yeshua was born, lived, died and rose again. Therefore, it’s going to be recognized as ancient by most folks. Studying ancient literature sounds like a boring high school class required by the school system and of little interest to us, as 21st century people. 

If that’s where you might be in your thinking then I applaud you for joining us today. Your being here is an admission that you want to learn. You want God to speak to you. EXCELLENT! What’s even more significant is that God wants to speak to you. He initiated this prophecy; he called young Jeremiah and he has called you to hear from him, first and foremost. Then as you learn his ways and submit to his call, you will be equipped to share this with others. 

For those watching this study on YouTube, please pause your playback of this class, read chapter one of Jeremiah and rejoin us, thanks.

Welcome back. If at the end of each study, and certainly by the end of the entire full length of the study of this major prophet’s book, if then you only have an information library built up, and you are not personally changed, if you are not sharing what you believe with others, if you are not inviting others to join you in this study or your congregation, if you are still isolating and private, then this will be a failure. I will have taught you nothing. Jeremiah’s warnings will be wasted. Is that extreme? Is that too extreme? No, I believe that our community represented by each of you on this zoom call, and by those of you who watch incidental YouTube sessions, our community is fraught with the danger of pick-and-choose isolation. We have learned this from COVID and the last 19 months—we need one another for mental health and for spiritual growth. Don’t let that lesson wane. More on that as we proceed.

WHO AND FORM

As always when we begin a new series, we want to consider the timing, the authorship, the forms of the new book to study. Jeremiah wrote during a 40-year period or so, just before the captivity of Judah, the southern section of the Promised Land, by the Babylonians in 586 BCE. His oracles are from the decades previous to that capture. He lists the dates in relation to the kings whose dates we can calculate. 

We know Jeremiah is the author. He is the son of a priest named Hilkiah, who lived in Anatot just northeast of Jerusalem about 3 miles, in the land of Benjamin. In the OED, the word jeremiad is a noun that means a long, mournful complaint or lamentation. Other synonyms include diatribe, screed, anger, berating, censure, condemnation, denunciation, dispute, fulmination, harangue, invective, lecture, malediction, philippic, ranting, revilement, sermon, tongue-lashing, vituperation.

I must say that none of those are inviting. They all sound like activities of a meanspirited school marm or the noise associated with parental abuse of children. Let me say, therefore, that none of these is fully descriptive of the prophecies of Jeremiah. For others, he is labelled the “Weeping Prophet” and perhaps that more characterises the man whom we will meet and whose sayings will influence us the next 52 weeks as we study verse by verse from his book. By the way, his prophecy is the longest in the Bible and has more hope than you might initially observe and certainly than the OED gives in his name’s attribution.

The form is an anthology which makes sense. A collection of collections, actually. We see markers at various places in the book which show us that a new ‘chapter’ or a new ‘book’ is beginning there. We will see those at chapters 25, 30, and chapter 46. But plenty of time for us in the meantime. We know in chapter 36 the name Baruch, introduced to us as the scribe for Jeremiah, and we note some history there, too. Much more about that later.

Probably the key text in that chapter is what I would call THE purpose of the book itself. We read in verses 2 and 3:

“Take a scroll and write on it all the words which I have spoken to you concerning Israel and concerning Judah, and concerning all the nations, from the day I first spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day. Perhaps the house of Judah will hear all the calamity which I plan to bring on them, in order that every man will turn from his evil way; then I will forgive their iniquity and their sin.”

That’s the purpose of challenge. That’s the purpose of this book. God wants a clean people to represent him. Let’s dig in.

HISTORY

When was this written? Verse two tells us. In the 13th year of Josiah. This to help us from Craigie.

“Josiah came to the throne of Judah in 640 BCE when he was eight years old (1 Kgs 22:1; 2 Chr 34:1). His thirty-one–year reign saw a radical shift in the international power structure in the Middle East. Asshurbanipal of Assyria (668–627) inherited a vast empire from his father Esarhaddon (680–669), but in the course of his reign, external and internal pressures so weakened his hold that by the time of his death Assyria was on the verge of collapse. Egypt under Psammetichus I (664–610) declared its independence from Assyria, probably about 665 (J. Bright, A History, 313). On the northern border of Assyria the Medes and their allies, the Lydians and the Cimmerians, exerted steady pressure. In 652 Babylon revolted and was pacified only after a four–year struggle. Asshurbanipal’s struggles to maintain his empire enjoyed a large amount of success, but the decades-long efforts drained the Assyrian resources and made collapse inevitable.”

In other words, the world scene was messy, and the players were vying for international dominance. Israel and Judah were pawns in the chess game as was typical throughout her history. You should know that during these forty years, when Assyria was losing its power, Egypt was regaining some, Babylon was making efforts to rule wider, that in the land of Judah, this was a time of turbulent political intrigue, with pro-Egyptian, pro-Babylonian, and pro-independence parties jockeying for position. Sounds like today, doesn’t it? IT DOES! And as Jeremiah wanted the people of his day to trust in the living God in the midst of such turbulence, so I believe God wants us in our day to do the same.

VERSE BY VERSE

OK, back to the preface.

Verse one. The words of Jeremiah. Clearly he is the author. Paul used this method of introduction. Most of the prophets did the same. But look at verse two. What Jeremiah said, in his words, are THE WORD of the Lord. All his efforts are to help us understand. They are to get us to hear. God’s Word is what Jeremiah wanted us to crave and to obey. No matter the political situation, hence the listing of all the kings in their order. Two kings only reigned for a few months and are not listed, no doubt, due to their insignificance. But Jehoiakim and Zedekiah are listed as markers of Jeremiah’s tenure. Preaching 40 years with little result… that’s tough going for anyone. Who is Jeremiah anyway?

Verse four. Before Jeremiah is used publicly, the conversation with the Almighty takes place. I love that God has a dialogue with the man, a young man, perhaps a 20-year-old, and encourages him and calls him. Listen to the verbs…

I formed you

I knew you

I consecrated you

I appointed you

Do you have any doubt that God oversees the selection of his prophets? God has this plan all mapped out and made no uncertain declarations to the young prophet-to-be. I don’t know how people who are not convinced of the predestination by God of such as we are can make it or understand these verbs. God is the creator, not a wishful thinker. He is the caller; not only an inviter. He makes us holy and appoints. He is the Lord, not an embarrassed offerer. His plans will prevail. Jeremiah, what is your response? 

Verse 6. Jeremiah says ‘alas (literally Hebrew aha). I don’t know how to do what you want me to do. Fair enough. A man needs to know how to change a tyre before he begins to do so. Or to perform Greek declensions. Or to solve quadratic equations. What is God’s answer to Jeremiah’s self-evaluation?

THREE COMMANDMENTS

Verses 7-8. Now in light of God’s actions, Jeremiah is given three instructions. I’m sending you. So go. Don’t be reluctant. Get off your tuchas and walk. A ship doesn’t progress in the marina; it has to launch out so that the rudder is of use. Pull up your anchor, young man. Get moving. And in your going, I will be with you. 

And in your speaking, I will be with you. I’m commanding you. You get to speak. The miracle is not the speaking. Anyone and everyone has a voice. The miracle is that my words will flow out of you. 

A third commandment was then given. Do not be afraid of them. Who is the ‘them?’ Back in verse 5. Them is the ‘goyim.’ The nations around Judah. The Egyptians and the Medes; the Assyrians and the Babylonians and anyone else who popped onto the scene. No matter what the morning email tells you about the global situation, about the problems of governments and peoples and weaknesses in the Jewish realm—do not be afraid. 

To seal the deal, in verse 9, God stretches out his hand. Hebrew ‘shalach’ sent out his hand. Personal. He is involved. It’s the same notion as the right hand of the Lord that does valiantly. The Lord’s right hand is lifted high. The Lord’s right hand has done mighty things for us. This is not a religious response—this is the act of a caring father who personally touches the mouth of the youth.  What does that produce?

Verses 9-10. Affirmation that the words he is hearing will be reproduced in the mouth he will speak, to the nations, to the peoples around him. Jeremiah is being given the keys to the family car. He is being given the house in the suburbs in which to host parties and conduct seminars. He is given all things necessary to conduct his public ministry. 

No longer can Jeremiah say “I’m only a young man. I don’t know how or what to speak.” Now he has God’s Word in his mouth. Like Isaiah whose lips were cleansed in a similar touch, and Ezekiel’s ‘eating’ of the Word, Jeremiah has a similar albeit particular acceptance of the role and the Words. 

Verse 10. Look at the six verbs. These are the results of Jeremiah’s prophecies. Four of the six are words that tear down. Only two are edifying. I think if this were an episode of Mission: Impossible, and I were given the choice of this assignment, I might decline. Sounds like I’m going to be the bearer of bad news twice as often as good news. No one really wants this job, do they?

TWO VISIONS

Now come two visions that help the reader understand the strengthening of young Jeremiah to the tasks just assigned. 

First the almond tree; second the boiling pot.

Verses 11-12. A quick read leaves us without awareness of this passage. You might know the phrase in 12, “God is watching over his word to perform it.” That’s encouraging already. What you don’t get in the English is the use of a play-on-words in Hebrew. Shakéd is the Hebrew word for almond. The tree of the almond blossoms very early in the secular calendar in Israel, in January, and leads us to know that spring is coming soon. The Hebrew word for ‘watch over’ in this same verse is shokéd. Obviously the same consonants and reminds us that as the almond is tasty, and as the promise of the hope of almonds is coming when we see the blossoms, so God’s Word, not yet fulfilled, but is surely coming and will be tasty in our lives as well. 

By the way, 9 times in chapter one we see the word DAVAR ‘Word’ or a variant of it. It’s God’s word that matters to Jeremiah and Baruch who will scribe this later at least twice. If you don’t hear anything else in today’s lesson, hear this—God’s Word is what matters in life.  How we should live with our neighbours; how we should behave in society and in our household; how we should get along with God and ourselves in the private times… it’s all in the Book. 

Verses 13-16. The boiling pot. Specifically a normal campfire pot is in view and it tips over due to a wind from the north. The contents spill to the south. The nations and clans from the north could be any number of tribal enemies including Assyria or even Babylon. When they come and set up encampments, God says, “I will deliver you. I will give you my words. Don’t be dismayed (or terrorized).” I’ve got this under control. 

Boiling pots are good, but spilled ones are trouble. God says, ‘yes, it’s going to spill, but I’ve got this.’ The amber alert is on your phone, but I’m in control. It’s unclear to me who is going to cop this judgment at the gates of Jerusalem. Jeremiah is being given responsibility to preach to the nations, and yet the idolatry that is in view is clearly something which God doesn’t like when ISRAEL performs it. The idea of ‘forsaking’ God (verse 16), Hebrew Azav, is especially hard to hear for us believers in these days. Remember the words of Yeshua on the cross, as he cried “Eli, eli lama azavtani” (My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”) That cry of anguish from Son of God to his father is pain staking. For the first time in all eternity, the Son and Father were separated, forsaken due to the sin of humanity now laid on God, the Son. 

I think idolatry is the sin of Judah at this point, and God tells Jeremiah not to be afraid, and to proclaim this truth. Verse 17. Gird up your loins, roll up your sleeves, buckle up, get ready to rumble—the words are going to start NOW.

Jeremiah, you are going to hear it from princes, priests and people… hang in there. This is only chapter one. You must proclaim truth. There will be consequences.

What are we learning? God will call whom he will call and make us into spokesmen for him. He will sanctify us and give us words to speak. The key to knowing what to say is to know the One who gives us the words to speak. Have a time with God each day, morning or evening or both (Eccl. 11.6) and learn his ways, learn his words, learn his teachings and share with others who know him as well. That’s why we study together. That’s why we have Discipleship Groups. That’s why we who are now out of lockdown can meet together. Tonight we have our monthly Shabbat fellowship meal and gathering. Please, dear friends, take God’s word on board each day. Share with each other the good things of the Lord. Amen? 

CONCLUSION

God is calling each of us to know him and to walk with him, today and throughout our days. Have you received Yeshua as your messiah and Lord? Have you renounced your sin, your idolatry, your forsaking God and given him First Place in your life? If not, please, do so now, just now, as we pray together. Use your own words, if you want, but yield, surrender, to the Lord of life. 

PRAYER

Then please write us (admin@jewsforjesus.org.au) to tell us what you have just done, and we will send you literature and encourage you. You are part of our family; we love and appreciate you. And we want you to enjoy the presence of the Lord who calls, who knows, who blesses and builds us up. 

We hope to see you again next week as we study chapter 2, and until then Shabbat shalom!


BIBLIOGRAPHY

Craigie, Peter; Kelley, Page; Drinkard, Joel. Word Biblical Commentary. Book of Jeremiah.  1991. 

Weirsbe, Warren. Be Decisive. David Cook Publishers, Colorado Springs 1991.


25 May 2014

Who is the messiah? Jesus in the Older Testament


This is usually delivered as a public address

Introduction: Comments from text
May you understand more about our Redeemer and Messiah Yeshua. May you have more confidence in His Holy Word, the Bible. And may you care about witnessing to the Jewish people, my people, even more than you do now. 

"And behold, two of them were going that very day to a village named Emmaus, which was about seven miles from Jerusalem. And they were talking with each other about all these things which had taken place. While they were talking and discussing, Yeshua Himself approached and began traveling with them. (verse 16) But their eyes were prevented from recognizing Him. And He said to them, “What are these words that you are exchanging with one another as you are walking?” And they stood still, looking sad.
 
One of them, named Cleopas, answered and said to Him, “Are You the only one visiting Jerusalem and unaware of the things which have happened here in these days?” And He said to them, “What things?” And they said to Him, “The things about Jesus the Nazarene, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word in the sight of God and all the people, and how the chief priests and our rulers delivered Him to the sentence of death, and crucified Him. (verse 21) But we were hoping that it was He who was going to redeem Israel. Indeed, besides all this, it is the third day since these things happened. But also some women among us amazed us. When they were at the tomb early in the morning, and did not find His body, they came, saying that they had also seen a vision of angels who said that He was alive. Some of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just exactly as the women also had said; but Him they did not see.”  
(verse 25) And He said to them, “O foolish men and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! Was it not necessary for the Messiah to suffer these things and to enter into His glory?" Then beginning with Moses and with all the prophets, He explained to them the things concerning Himself in all the Scriptures.  (Luke 24.13-27)

We see from the text a picture of the situation in Jerusalem that first Easter day. There were no lilies or trumpets. There were no Hallelujahs from the people of God. Rather the situation was bleak. Cleopas and his travelling companion (maybe even his wife?) were despondent. They were sad, the Bible says, almost depressed. (In verse 21) They had hoped Jesus would redeem Israel. By redeem, don't think about blood and forgiveness; they meant physical and political redemption. Think Passover and the national deliverance of the Jewish people at once from an oppressor.  They believed that Messiah would remove Rome from the Temple area and allow Jews to worship freely again.  Back in the 1980s the same could have been said about the Russians. Then there were three million Jewish people living in the Former Soviet Union. And when Messiah came, he would help Jewish people be free. Not that we wanted to win a war against Russia or in Bible days to beat up Rome, but that we wanted to be free to live a life without political oppression and with religious freedom. And well, this Jesus, he had not accomplished that political redemption. Hence, their disappointment.

The situation grew worse as it was now (again in verse 21) “the third day.” According to Jewish folklore, when a person dies, his spirit hovers around his corpse for 3 days, then on 4th day his spirit leaves... the person is officially dead. Maybe that helps you understand why Jesus waited two extra days to heal his friend Lazarus. Or the quote from Psalm 16 in Peter’s sermon on Pentecost.

You might know of the ultra Orthodox Jewish men with sidecurls and hats and long coats. Their rabbi/leader died in 1994 in Brooklyn, New York. He was a rabbi of over 90 years of age. His name was Menachem Schneerson. Some of his followers claimed him to be the messiah-- a claim he never denied. So when he died, tens of thousands of his followers-- from Israel, Australia, South America, all over--gathered and waited by his grave, fully expecting him to rise from the dead. That is, they waited until the 4th day. When he stayed dead, the crowds dissipated.

Those Jewish people in 1994 were right. Messiah would die. They were right that Messiah would rise from the dead. They were wrong though; Messiah was not from Brooklyn. We’ll talk about what they should have known in a few moments.

Finally Yeshua can take it no longer. (verse 25) He interrupts them, calls them "fools" (not Raca or empty-head, but rather 'not seeing things from God's point of view), and he conducts a Bible class with them. This would be an amazing sermon I want to see when I get to heaven.  Imagine Jesus gave his great sermon here, to two people. And only two people. I need to always remember that, to teach well, to the many or to the few. And most of my ministry is to the few. I teach Jewish people in Sydney one by one.

The verse tells us “Beginning with Moses” which means “the five books of Moses” or the first five books of the Bible. “And all the prophets” meaning the rest of the Older Testament. “He explained to them the things concerning Himself.” (verse 27) What might have been included in that sermon? The Bible doesn’t tell us directly, but there was a list of messianic prophecies that were known as the testimonia and later found in recent days in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Using the three recognized sections of Jewish Bible: Law, Prophets, and Writings, let's look at three passages today. First please turn to Genesis chapter 3.

Now while you turn, let me ask if you enjoy jigsaw puzzles? If I understand it correctly, the way to do them is to open the box, dump the pieces onto the table, put all the pieces right-side-up, and then put the box top away. You look finally one last time, and put the box top away. The way to do a puzzle is to put the pieces together one-by-one and watch a picture emerge. I'm going to ask you to do what I ask Jewish people I meet with, to do. Put the box top of your own convictions, what you already believe about Messiah, put it away. And let's let the Bible puzzle pieces come together, and let's be honest with what we see. Is that fair enough?

Torah
First we look at Genesis 3, in the story the Garden of Eden, we read a curse on the Serpent, whom we later know to be Satan, the enemy of God. That curse on him is actually a blessing to the woman and the people who will come. This is found in verse 15. And I will put enmity between you and the woman, And between your seed and her seed; He shall bruise you on the head, and you shall bruise him on the heel.”

We see 3 puzzle pieces here.
1) The child who will come is the child of the woman.
No big deal right, everyone who is born is born of a woman, right? Not in Judaism. Abraham begat Isaac, (Where was Sarah?). Isaac begat Jacob (Thank you Rebecca). Men have children in Judaism, obviously not biologically, but genealogically. So the Bible could comment on biology by calling the messiah ‘son of man and woman’ or genealogy (‘son of man’), but it doesn't. It starts with an exception. The text doesn't say "virgin birth," but it anticipates it.

2) “Bruise the head of the serpent.” This is a picture of conquest. This is certainly consistent with what I learned about Messiah, when I was a boy in the US. As an Orthodox Jew I always knew the Messiah would conquer. There were two enemies for us when I was a young man. (Russia and Russia). It was after all, the time of the Cold War and Russia was the enemy for US people, and also there were 3 million Jewish people who were not allowed to practice our religion in the Former Soviet Union. Thus Russia was the enemy twice.

When Messiah comes, we learned, Messiah will conquer. Remember the image of taking land, planting the flag for the conquering King. And in Romans 16.20, God will crush Satan under your feet soon.

3) “Bruised in heel.”  Wait a minute! What kind of messiah gets wounded? I always thought the Messiah would conquer. Now the text says he will be wounded.

No wonder Yeshua in Luke 24 tells Cleopas, “ought not the Messiah to have suffered and then entered into his glory?” (verse 26)

Cleopas, didn’t you ever read that? Bob, didn’t you ever read that? Yes, we Jewish people read this passage every September or so in synagogue. But don’t you ever see things that you just don’t see? We’ll talk more about that later.

I was the third of three children in my father’s house. As a result I rarely received new things, but rather ‘hand me downs’ or used items. So when I asked my father when would I receive a new bicycle, he would say, "Yeah, yeah, when messiah comes". So I really hoped for the coming of Messiah.

If I’d read the sources, like Genesis Rabbah, a Talmudic rabbinical interpretation of this passage, I would have seen them quoting Isaiah 53 and the one who would take our punishment, but I didn’t really learn that particularly.

Needless to say, to read here that Messiah would be wounded, that was a surprise.

Do we have enough to conclude what our photo/puzzle is?
Not yet.

Prophets
So let’s turn to Micah 5.
Mic. 5.1 “Now muster yourselves in troops, daughter of troops; They have laid siege against us; With a rod they will smite the judge of Israel on the cheek.
Mic. 5.2 “But as for you, Bethlehem Ephratah, Too little to be among the clans of Judah, From you One will go forth for Me to be ruler in Israel. His goings forth are from long ago, From the days of eternity.”

Here we see three more puzzle pieces.
First, a repeat of the last.  The text tells us that the Judge of Israel will be beaten on the face with a rod. Cleopas, didn’t you ever read that before? Bob, didn’t you ever read that one either? Again I say, we often see things, but don’t really see them. So here again, this wounding of the Messiah was a very big surprise to me, but it’s right there in the text. Ought not the Messiah to suffer?

What if I mention to you the “Fed Ex arrow.” Do you know what I am referencing? Some of you will understand but many will look unsure. Let me show you this. 


 You’ve seen this truck hundreds of times, but do you see the arrow? Now do you see it? All over the sanctuary people are pointing this out to each other. Let’s look even closer. 



See the white arrow between the orange E and orange X?

Do you see what I mean? You have seen this over and over again, but you never saw it. How is that? In the same way, Jewish people have read and re-read these passages in the Hebrew Scriptures and still haven’t seen the One about whom they speak. It takes someone like me to point out the arrow on the FedEx logo to you, and it takes someone like you to point out the Messiah to your Jewish friend. Once you see it, you will never not see it again. I can almost guarantee that some of you will become proselytizers about the arrow to all your friends next time and every time you see the truck go by. And that’s the essence of evangelism, but more on that in a few minutes.

2) Birthplace of Messiah. Bethlehem. How strange a place. It’s too little to be among the Where's Where in Israel. Not significant.
We know it from the Christmas carols that this is the birthplace of
Messiah, but the ancients didn’t know that. Remember the wise men from the east (Matthew 2:1) came to find the one born under the star. They followed the star and found the baby. But on their journey they asked for help in finding him. They came to Jerusalem to ask for the king. Of course, kings are born in capital cities, not in the back woods, like Bethlehem, but in proper main cities. That’s why they traveled to Jerusalem.

So what a surprise it must have been to the magi to hear “go to Bethlehem” because that’s what Micah the prophet declared.

The third puzzle piece is even more of a surprise. The text uses the phrase "from long ago" (Mikedem...which could be translated ‘from the East’). This is not so much geographical east as it is chronological east. And what happens in the east? The sun rises. So this phrase has the meaning of ‘before the sun rises’ in the east, or what we commonly would say “Way back when.” Or in theological terms: ‘eternity past’. And so the question has to be asked, “Who is an eternal being?” Only God. So somehow God takes on flesh and is born in Bethlehem. Any candidates?

Do we have enough info to conclude what our puzzle looks like... not yet.

Writings: The Psalms
Turn with me to Daniel chapter 9. 
Dan. 9.24 ¶ “Seventy weeks have been decreed for your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to make an end of sin, to make atonement for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy place.
Dan. 9.25 “So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince there will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks; it will be built again, with plaza and moat, even in times of distress.
Dan. 9.26 “Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing, and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary.

35 years ago I was a teacher of high school mathematics in Kansas. I tell you that not to seek for tutoring duties, but to tell you that numbers don’t bother me. I understand however, that numbers and math might bother you. But don’t worry, when we discuss the math in this chapter, you will understand very well. Trust me.

Here we see three more puzzle pieces.
First, Messiah will die.  That’s what the expression "Cut off and have nothing" means. Messiah is wounded, then wounded again, now dead. I never learned that as an Orthodox Jew in my youth. If I'd really read the sources, I would have found Maimonides who said, "messiah will die and his son or grandson will take over." No wonder the Lubavitchers were not surprised when their rabbi Menachem Schneerson died back in New York in 1994. Some rabbis don’t let their students read this section until they are 30 years old.

Ought not the Messiah to suffer?

2) Time of the death of Messiah. This is when the numbers might get a bit confusing to some. The Hebrew word for ‘weeks’ is a variant of the usual word and thus some versions of the Bible translate the word as ‘sevens’ or ‘units of 7.” Thus 69 'weeks' is really 69 'units of 7 things'. So just think 70 x 7 or about 500 things. I don’t mean to make light of the precision of the Bible, in fact, it’s very precise. But I’m trying to help you using approximations and without a blackboard.

Then the text tells us what those things are. They are years. Note the beginning date is 'issue of decree to restore Jerusalem" (v. 25) which happened about 450 BC. Then the closing date is when the 'people of the prince who is to come will “destroy the city (Jerusalem) and the sanctuary (v 26) (Temple)” which is 70 AD. So we have about 500 years. And near the end of the period we see the death of Messiah.  

If you want the precision of the dating pick up this book Y’shua by Moishe Rosen, founder of Jews for Jesus. There we see that Messiah died on a Friday in 30 AD using the dates in this section, but if you miss it, note the big picture, as Messiah died in what we call “The First Century.”

3) Finally, the purpose of the death of Messiah. Verse 24. "to bring in everlasting righteousness ...to forgive...to take away iniquity..." The purpose of the death of messiah was not to give me a bicycle; it was to forgive us our sins, and to make us clean before God.

So, let's look at our puzzle pieces.
We have a messiah, son of a woman not of man and woman, born in Bethlehem, wounded and beaten and dead, who died near the end of the 2nd Temple period, actually in 30 AD, who was eternal, and died for our sins and by that conquered the works of Satan.

Any candidates? Honestly, is your box top away? What picture of Messiah do you see in our texts?

I think there is only one answer. His name is Jesus.

Let's return to Luke and share some final thoughts.

You may ask me, why are you here telling the church all this good information? Why aren’t you telling Jewish people all this?

My answer? I do! This is one of the methods we use in sharing the Good News of Messiah with our Jewish people.

I came here to give you this lesson for several reasons.

First, I want you to trust the Bible that much more. We only looked at a few Bible passages and it’s true and clear. The Bible also tells you about you, about how you and God are to get along together and how you and your life should work. You can trust the Book!

2) Jesus was a great teacher, but Cleopas and mate didn't 'get it' not until 'then their eyes were opened' (.16 'eyes were prevented'. .31 'eyes were opened'). And you didn’t see the FedEx arrow until I showed it to you. So I want you to know that you have to pray for Jewish people to ‘get it’, as mere words cannot convince anyone.

I believe that as the community of faith prays for Jewish people that God listens and answers. I hope our partnership in the Gospel includes this important prayer partnership.

Thirdly. In verse 44 Jesus uses all three sections of Tenach to teach them that he was Messiah (just like we did in our lesson tonight)
You might ask me, if God is responsible for opening the eyes of people, then what role do we have in helping people find God?    To that I say that we have to preach the Gospel to people. Look at the biblical injunction from Jesus himself: (verses 46-47) “AND that repentance'... If you believe in the death of Christ (.46) and the resurrection of Christ (.46), then you have to believe in the proclamation of Christ. (.47) And that message has to go to all people, to the Jew first and also to the Gentiles.

This may be the simplest way to explain our role. God wants us to do the mouth thing; he will do the eye thing. He opens eyes and we open our mouth. We preach and God opens the eyes of Jewish people and all people to his message.

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